Can Fiction be Philosophy? Essay -- Literature Papers

This paper analyzes the connection among reasoning and writing through an investigation of cases made by Martha Nussbaum with respect to the commitment books can make to moral way of thinking. Maybe her most questionable affirmation is that a few books are themselves works of good way of thinking. I balance Nussbaum’s see with that of Iris Murdoch. I examine three cases which are major to Nussbaum’s position: the connection between composing style and substance; philosophy’s deficiency in planning operators for moral life in light of its dependence on rules; and the convenience of the ethical work occupied with by perusers of books. The assessment of these cases requires a conversation of the idea of reasoning. I find that Murdoch and Nussbaum concede to the capacity of writing to add to moral seeing, yet differ on the issue of what theory is. Along these lines, they differ on the topic of whether certain works of fiction are additionally works of reasoning. I co ntend that the errand Nussbaum appoints theory is excessively expansive. Using basic and intelligent strategies, reasoning ought to look at and sort moral cases. Scholarly, philosophical and strict writings add to moral eduction; keeping them separate causes us value their unmistakable commitments, just as regard their particular points and strategies. Hence, I presume that Nussbaum’s consideration of specific books in theory can't be continued. In an ongoing article, Richard Posner analyzes the thought, progressed by researchers in the law and writing development, that ...immersion in writing ... make[s] us better residents or better individuals. (1) The focal point of his conversation is a lot of declarations, including a number made by Martha Nussbaum, concerning the good influenc... ...h draws the accompanying qualifications: writing does numerous things, theory does a certain something (has one point); writing is regular, reasoning is counter-characteristic; writing excites feeling, theory attempts to dispose of passionate intrigue; writing is circuitous, theory is immediate; writing has no issue to tackle, theory tries to illuminate a couple of specialized and dynamic issues; writing is worried about tasteful structure, reasoning doesn't focus on formal flawlessness. Murdoch says that she sees no 'general job' of reasoning in writing (p. 242). (15) See Frank Palmer, Literature and Moral Understanding (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992), part 8. (16) In thinking about what is normal for theory, I was helped by understanding Derrida and Wittgenstein, by Newton Garver and Seung-Chong Lee, (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994), section 6.

How Effective Was Victorian Policing?

At the point when police constrained were first set up in the mid nineteenth century, they were disliked. This was because of the reality the police were censured for vicious and smashed conduct. Moreover, for example, the expense of running the police power and the general population dreaded them as a danger to their own and political opportunity. For instance, the police didn’t understand any wrongdoing â€Å"the absence of protection† and chiefly numerous spots didn't have a police power until 1856, which implied that there was no point having them since it stood out extraordinarily from the population.One point history specialists locate that Victorian policing was a disappointment is that more often than not the police spent cleaning alcoholics and bums up the road, and not explaining genuine wrongdoing, for example, just four quantities of captures were made in 16 years. Late Victorian England is portrayed by certain students of history as a ‘golden age†™ of policing in light of the measure of open trust and approval.There were changes which implied that there were less tipsiness in the power and the open endorsed the police were considered more to be a companion than danger. Additionally the individuals thought it appeared to be justified, despite all the trouble to run the police power. This was on the grounds that the police power was beginning to understand their error and gained from it. There was an expansion in the quantity of capture the police made and the crime percentage started to consistently fall.Furthermore they began to accumulate proof from the general population and made arraignments, which recommends the police were making a move and attempted to comprehend violations. Furthermore there were new innovations this framework was to order data all the more productively. In any case, history specialists likewise ask whether this truly was a ‘golden’ age. For instance the Bertillon framework was hard to utilize, along these lines there was no much point to utilize them; except if an observer could give itemized depictions of the criminal.One significant point that demonstrates the Victorian policing was a disappointment is in the nineteenth century cops weren’t sufficiently prepared. In general, somewhat the Victorian policing were successful in that they gained from their missteps and continued improving, however somewhat it wasn’t impact in forestalling crooks viably or explaining violations. Anyway as I would like to think the Victorian policing were successful in the manner that if the missteps weren’t made, we’d be confronted with similar issues now.

Why I Started Taking Notes By Hand

Why I Started Taking Notes By Hand This semester, I am taking a history course with a typical lecture-discussion format. Upon the first day of lecture, the professor announced that her classroom and all discussion sections are technology-free. All notes must be taken by hand. Boy, you should have seen the looks on everyones faces. Gif from Giphy.com Most students in college, myself included, take notes on their laptop. It is quicker and easier. But science shows, as my professor proclaimed, that retention of material is much higher if notes are handwritten. This not only improves focus during class but improves test scores, as well, which benefits both the teacher and student. The first lecture was tough. I struggled to keep up with the fast-paced lecture, and I often found myself scribbling thoughts rather than full sentences. But the 50-minute class flew by, and before I knew it, I had filled a notebook page with valuable, concise notes. I was so impressed with my retention that day, that I took this method into my other classes. Lo and behold, the hand-written method worked well in my other classes, too! So my advice to incoming freshmen is this: start off your college career writing notes by hand. It will build up your work ethic, enhance retention, and make your first of many exams much easier. Happy note-taking! Rachel Class of 2020 I am studying Middle Grades Education with concentrations in Social Sciences and Literacy in the College of Education. Although I now reside in Champaign, I am originally from Vernon Hills, a Northwest suburb of Chicago.

The Principles Of Job Enrichment - 1059 Words

Written Assignment Unit 7 This paper will analyse the article by Elizabeth Layman on Job redesign in Health Information Services (HIS) Departments. A few aspects which shall be explored are the principles of job enrichment applied in this case, the principles of goal setting applied in this case, the outcomes of job enrichment in the HIS Departments and the impact of job enrichment on motivation and communication in the HIS Departments. Before commencing it is necessary to define some of the terms used in the introduction. Job design â€Å"is the specification of contents, methods and relationship of jobs in order to satisfy technological and organizational requirements as well as the social and personal requirements of the job holder† (Job design, n.d.). This definition, therefore, also reflects what is meant by job redesign. Job enrichment can be defined as â€Å"a job redesign technique that allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks, giving them more responsibility† (Carpenter, Taylor, Erdogan, 2009, p. 336). Job design is very important to an organisation. â€Å"Job design has a major impact on employee motivation, job satisfaction, commitment to organization, as well as absenteeism and turnover† (Carpenter, Taylor, Erdogan, 2009, p. 335). According to Layman (2011) management has the responsibility of restructuring jobs to strive for maximum efficiency and effectiveness. In regards to the article, much emphasis has been put onto job enrichment whichShow MoreRelatedThe Principles Of Job Enrichment914 Words   |  4 PagesLayman’s case study, there is much information to be gained on their use of Goal Setting and Job Design within the Expanded HIM Functions of the health care delivery system. Within this analysis I will be going over how the principles of goal setting were applied to this case, how the principles of job enrichment applied to this case, the outcomes of job enrichment, and finally the impact that the job enrichment had on motivation and communication within the HIM Departments. With answering the firstRead MoreThe Principles Of Job Enrichment879 Words   |  4 Pageswhich principles to follow and which to shelf could mean the difference between success and failure. As we take a look at current systems in use by Health Information Service (HIS) Departments there is an obvious need for a dynamic response for managers to redesign the work tasks to achieve desired results. Principles of Motivation are especially important when large amounts of data and it can be a challenge to implement. As these ideas are explored leaders are keen to follow the principles of jobRead MoreThe Principles Of Goal Setting1127 Words   |  5 PagesRead and analyze the article. Answer the following questions: How are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? Between 1979 and 1985, management of HIS Department implemented five specific goals. . These goals simplify the culture of goal setting in this organization. One reason behind the success of HIS Department is the regular adaptation to change in work ethics. In other words, HIS Department engages in job redesign to meet the needs of clients and employees. Besides the goal settingRead MoreImproving The Organizational Structure Of A Job Redesign816 Words   |  4 Pagescontrary, working smarter is an alternative to work overload by implementing a job redesign or also known as job enrichment. The following questions are answered below. How are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? For the HIS Department, the goal is job redesign, in order to comply with the high demand of converting paper charts to electronic records. The goals are to re-engineer, restructure, work redesign and job redesign the entire organization. Re-engineering is when leaders examinesRead MoreThe Theory Of Job Enrichment And Job Design Essay780 Words   |  4 Pagesand their application to practical problems in work settings. The paper will examine the theory of job enrichment and job design. It will analyze a case study by Elizabeth Layman (2011) and will also be complimented by a relevant professional article by Elizabeth Forrestal. Introduction According to Carpenter, Taylor and Erdogan, (2009, page 336) the motivation concept of job enrichment entails â€Å"A job redesign technique that allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks.† ThisRead MoreThe Principles Of Goal Setting1116 Words   |  5 PagesHow are the principles of goal setting applied in this case? Between 1979 and 1985, management of HIS Department implemented five specific goals. These goals simplify the culture of goal setting in this organization. One reason behind the success of HIS Department is the regular adaptation to change in work ethics. In other words, HIS Department engages in job redesign to meet the needs of clients and employees. Besides the goal setting culture in HIS Department, other factor affects work; theseRead MoreAnalysis Of Elizabeth Grammar On Job Redesign1064 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: JOB ENRICHMENT 1 Analysis of Case Study by Elizabeth Layman on Job Redesign University of the People JOB ENRICHMENT 2 Introduction Job design is a tool meant to work as motivator for employees. It is meant to increase job satisfaction and commitment. By the same token, it is meant to decrease turnover and absenteeism (Carpenter, M., Taylor, B., Erdogan, B., 2009). Elizabeth Layman offers a broader perspective on how job redesign changed the working environment in the Health InformationRead MoreThe Impact Of Job Enrichment On Motivation And Communication952 Words   |  4 Pagesgoal to survive (Layman, 2011). In this report the principles of goal setting, principles of job enrichment, outcomes of job enrichment and the impact of job enrichment on motivation and communication, will all be discussed as they pertain to the case study written by Layman titled, Job Redesign for Expanded HIM functions. The principles of goal setting are applied in this case in four stages, re-engineering, restructuring, work redesign and job redesign. Re-engineering focuses on systems and helpingRead MoreThe Health Information Services And Employees958 Words   |  4 Pagesemployees’ job description and can lead them to feel that they are performing tasks that diverge from their work design. They can also lead to an â€Å"alteration of work and jobs to the point of distortions, fragmentation, and overload.† (Layman, 2011). Managers and leaders can study on 4 different levels their departments’ alignment to achieve organizational goals. These levels are re-engineering, restructuring, work redesign, and job redesign (Layman, 2011). Job enrichment falls into the job redesignRead MoreHow Job Redesign Motivates Employees Essay835 Words   |  4 PagesHOW JOB REDESIGN MOTIVATES WORKERS IN HEALTH INFORMATION SERVICE DEPARTMENT (HIS) Introduction: Goal setting involves the development of an action plan designed to motivate and guide a person or group towards a goal. Goal setting can be guided by goal setting criteria such as the SMART criteria. That means a goal should be specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time bound. HOW THE PRINCIPLES OF GOAL SETTING ARE APPLIED IN HIS DEPARTMENT? To answer the first question from the case, I deduced

How Do Other People Influence Our Behavior Essay example

How do other people influence our behaviour? The public may influence our behaviour though social influence in two different ways, the first is normative influence which is â€Å"an influence to conform to the positive expectations of others† (Cohen 1964). This is shown by Asch where the participant’s task was to compare the length of the lines by matching the standard line with three comparisons, one of which was clearly obvious the correct answer this is known as an unambiguous task. Asch found that when the majority of the confederate said the wrong answer the minority who was the participant also gave the wrong answer knowing it wasn’t correct (Asch 1956) this shows how they changed their answer to fit in with the group even when they knew†¦show more content†¦Later research by Perrin and Spenser in 1980 carried out the exact experiment on British engineering, maths and chemistry students. They found that out of 396 trials only in one of the trials a participant conformed to the majority that were wrong (McLeod 2008). This is clear evidence showing poor reliability of Asch study and it shows how in modern day society people may be less influence by others. One way the public may influence our behaviour is by persuasive communication this shows how an individual’s attitude may change by external messages and influence their behaviour. As research from Hovland and Weiss in 1952 shows how experts are more persuasive than non-experts. As they found the same arguments were seen to be more persuasive when delivered by someone who seems to know all the facts (Hogg Vaugham 2011). This meaning that when people are told information by an authority figure who may be seen as an expert they are more likely to trust it and this can lead to them modifying their attitudes and behaviour. For example a teacher may tell a child that they are not very academically cleaver leading them to believe this and changing their attitudes and beha viour like not completing assignments or comingShow MoreRelatedNature Vs. Nurture : Human Behavior1453 Words   |  6 PagesThe thought that a human’s behavior is determined by genes is ridiculous. Human behavior is not genetically pre-determined; rather, it is a result of environmental influences. The influences we surround ourselves with is how we are going conduct yourself. Humans are influenced by other humans. Our behavior is determined by who we want to be like and look up too and that has nothing to do with our genes. A human’s behavior is by choice not inherited. Many people argue over this topic nature vs. nurtureRead MoreNature Or Nurture Influences Individual Violent Behavior1609 Words   |  7 Pagesnurture influences individual violent behavior. People are concerned about what makes an individual to engage in violent behavior such murder or burglary among other types of crimes. They are also concerned about what makes people stop such behavior. However, there is no precise conception whether nature, nurture or both influence violence. Some people assume that, violent behavior results from individual’s life experiences or upbringing also known as nurture. Others feel that violent behavior is moreRead MoreThe Biological Approach : Mental Processes And Behaviors1356 Words   |  6 Pagesprocesses and behaviors by focusing on genetics and physiology. Psychologists who use the biological approach believe that mental processes and behaviors are caused and explained by activity between the nervous system and the brain. The biological a pproach is very scientific; therefore, psychologists can perform consistent, measureable experiments to examine how our genes, neuronal activity, and neurotransmitters interact with our environment and how they influence our mental processes and behaviors. PsychologistsRead MoreHow Do We Make Our Choices?954 Words   |  4 Pageswe should be happy because it is a good thing to have the freedom to make our own choices. But with so many options, how do we make our choices? For example, with television commercials, advertisers need to be very smart and creative with how they endorse their product because seconds count. Sometimes we are not even fully listening to what the commercial is about, but there is something that sticks in our minds to influence us to act one way or another. One way advertisers use creativity and clevernessRead MoreDoes Music Influence Us?870 Words   |  4 PagesCan Music really influence you? We live in a world where we listen to music frequently because we are surrounded by it constantly therefore hard to avoid. If we do not wish to see something we close our eyes and if we don’t wish to hear something we cover our ears but it does not block the sound completely. [3] We hear music in stores, restaurants, in our cars, in our houses, and with our headphones. I believe music can influence everyone but up to a certain degree. There has been many researchRead MoreSociological Perspectives On Psychology And Psychology956 Words   |  4 Pagesof human behavior. It is the scientific study of one’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior. (Ciccarelli White, 2015) There are seven perspectives that psychology is fit into known as The Theoretical Perspectives. These perspectives include the psychoanalytical approach, the behavioral approach, the humanistic approach, the cognitive approach, the sociocultural approach, the psychological or neuropsychological approach, and fi nally the evolutionary approach.(Ciccarelli White, 2015) Our focus forRead MoreMy Theory Of Motivation And Its Origin936 Words   |  4 Pagessociocultural influences affecting our behavior to belong within our culture through external input from parents and peers, experiences, and media exposure, as it pertains to acceptance of ourselves. This theory has been formulated through a combination of college course work and from personal observations of people within my life. When I was in my social psychology class at Seton Hill University it opened up a new way of thinking about how big an influence society can affect our motivational goalsRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : The Biological Approach962 Words   |  4 Pagesabout how you are born. The genes that you are born with that make you who you are. When referring to nurture I am talking about how someone is raised. Such as the environment you live in and what is taught to you. As humans we cannot control our nature it is simply wha t you are born with. When you are born you have all your genes that will decide what you look like, how tall or short you will be, so why do we not believe that our behavioral tendencies, and personality attributes come from our genesRead MorePsychology is the Scientific Study of Mental and Behavioral Processing1251 Words   |  5 Pagesthe scientific study of mental and behavior processes. It’s thus seeks to describe, explain, predict, and control the processes involved in areas such as perception, learning, emotion, and personality. All these topics are the province of the branch of social psychology. Social psychologists study the nature and causes of our behavior and mental processes in social institution (Baron Byrne, 1991). As a human being definitely we have a disparity experiences in our daily life, actually it’s the processRead MoreTo Do What We Do1368 Words   |  5 Pageswe humans do what we do? I have observed and speculated for years but it is of just r ecently that I thought of scientifically ripping the question apart to find a â€Å"real† and â€Å"true† answer. I believe it all comes down to behavior. Behavior is made up of and influenced by attitudes, ethics, harm, fairness, community, purity, values, culture, authority, persuasion, and genetics. I believe that there is an even mix of all of these attributes that equals the end product: our behaviors, our desires, and

Differentiating Work And Keeping Learners Motivated Free Essays

The Entry to Employment ( E2E ) programme is a roll-on/roll-off class designed to supply a tract for 16-18 twelvemonth olds who are non in instruction, employment or preparation ( NEETs ) towards employment or farther instruction. As many of these scholars have non been in any kind of instruction for some clip due to exclusion or other barriers to their acquisition, they may get with a deficiency of apprehension of their ain abilities, current degree of cognition and, frequently, larning troubles that may or may non hold been identified antecedently. Using instance surveies of pupils that have been anonymised, this paper will analyze ways in which work can be differentiated for pupils, peculiarly those with larning troubles, in a group that has a broad scope of abilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Differentiating Work And Keeping Learners Motivated or any similar topic only for you Order Now It will besides look at ways to actuate scholars affected by their ain realization that they may non be at the same degree of their equals to work towards makings at their ain criterion. Main Body Over the last 2 old ages I have been learning pupils in the Foundation Department of East Riding College where I have taught scholars with mild larning troubles and other barriers to larning. In this clip the section has besides taken on the proviso of an E2E class which has been developed to offer NEETs a path into farther instruction, apprenticeships or employment. The purpose of the class is to develop the scholars ‘ basic literacy, numeracy and ICT accomplishments and besides supply other topics that will heighten their employment and societal accomplishments to a degree that would be acceptable to an employer. Although E2E Entitlement Curriculum states that: Some immature people may come in E2E with larning troubles and disablements or may come into E2E at below entry degree. The function of E2E for these scholars, and their advancement and accomplishment through the programme will necessitate to be carefully negotiated. Every consideration should be taken to guarantee that immature people are non placed permissively on E2E because their behavior or demands may forbid them being placed elsewhere ( LSC, 2006, p.6 ) . It has been my experience that some scholars that are referred to E2E arrive with larning troubles that are non statemented or have ne’er been identified because the scholar has non been in any kind of instruction for some clip due to exclusion from school or other barriers to instruction. As Petty, observes: â€Å" Each scholar is alone and has single demands. If the demands of our scholars are discovered and met, the opportunities of success are greatly increased † ( Petty, 2009, p.530 ) . So it is indispensable that initial and diagnostic appraisals are carried out for each of the scholars every bit shortly as possible to place any acquisition troubles and enable schemes to be put into topographic point to supply support for the pupil. Motivation, as with all instruction, is an of import factor that affects scholars on the E2E class. Scales points out that â€Å" Everyone is motivated to larn ; it ‘s portion of what it means to be human. † ( Scales, 2008, P. 237. ) , but besides clarifies that â€Å" Learning is natural ; instruction, unluckily is n’t. † ( Scales, 2008, p.238 ) . In the instance of many E2E pupils, although â€Å" street wise † due to life experiences, farther formal instruction would non hold been envisaged in their ain hereafter. They have small or no intrinsic motive to take up analyzing and comply with class demands. Whereas intrinsic motive in instruction can be seen as a desire for the pupil to larn for their ain demands and involvements, extrinsic motive is frequently a major portion of larning utilizing the proviso of wagess, competition or countenances ( Harkin et al. 2001, p.67 ) . Although extrinsic motive can be utile when set abouting boring undertakings, it is evidently more desirable for a pupil to develop an intrinsic motive to larn. Self-efficacy, as described by Bandura, in his societal cognitive theory is â€Å" the belief in one ‘s capablenesss to form and put to death the classs of action required to pull off prospective state of affairss † ( Bandura, 1995, p. 2 ) . He besides states that a individual with strong self-efficacy will develop strong intrinsic motives towards undertakings and involvements ( Bandura, 1994 ) . Initially many of the pupils are placed on the class by Connexions. As it is non ever their ain pick to re-join instruction, their lone motive to fall in the class appears to be extrinsic, for illustration in the signifier of Education Maintenance Allowance or as portion of a tribunal order. Much has to be done to actuate these scholars and many extrinsic incentives need to be applied such as congratulations and encouragement or physical wagess ( e.g. cocoa ) . A peculiar characteristic that I have observed is that although the college is in an mean sized town with several secondary schools, most of the scholars know each other due to being placed in assorted Work Related Learning or Pupil Referral groups. This can take to a peculiar type of de-motivation as new scholars join the group. This is where a scholar does non understand their ain current degree of cognition and apprehension of a topic due to the fact that they have been out of instruction for some clip and they see that their equals may be set abouting work of a higher degree than them. The scenario tends to be: because their friend is making a certain degree of work, they excessively want to make work at this degree. They so find that they are non able to make the work because of their current capablenesss and so become de-motivated because they believe themselves inferior. With respect to Reece and Walker ‘s version of Maslow ‘s hierarchy of basic human needs as appl ied to the schoolroom, ( Reece A ; Walker, 2007 ) , self-esteem is lowered and so motive is affected. O’Brien and Guiney province that: ‘Differentiation is non about trouble-shooting. It is a construct that has to be seen in an inclusive manner, using to everyone ‘ ( O’Brien A ; Guiney, 2001, p. nine ) . Of class, attending should ever be paid to the distinction of work for pupils in all categories, but for the ground mentioned above it is peculiarly of import that work is differentiated for these scholars so that their self-pride is non affected. Case 1- Student J. J. joined a new group with seven other scholars. He had travelled around the state with his household and so did non cognize any of the other scholars. On his application to fall in the class he stated that he had no acquisition troubles. His initial appraisal consequences showed that he was Entry 1 for literacy and numeracy where the other scholars were Entry 3 to Level 1. J. was upset when in the first category he was given a diagnostic numeracy trial at Entry 2 when other scholars were finishing nosologies at a higher degree. In treatment with J. it appeared that he may hold had dyslexia as he described some of the authoritative marks such as seeing drifting words and composing words backwards. He explained that he had ever thought of himself as stupe and blamed himself for his hapless literacy and numeracy accomplishments. Following a showing within the college, it was confirmed that J. did hold dyslexia and schemes were put into topographic point to back up his hereafter larning such as the allotment of a Learning Support Advisor to work with him when required. This was the initial measure in so happening ways that work could be differentiated in ways that suited J. When developing worksheets for a category, it became of import that if separate worksheets were appropriate for different degree pupils, all sets would take to the same replies or decisions. For illustration, higher degree scholars may be asked to compose an reply in a few sentences, whereas J. may be given multiple pick replies or a cloze exercising. The of import thing being that when, as a group, we could travel through work and J. would experience confident giving replies along with his equals. Mentoring was besides good to J. He would frequently understand things better if he was helped by one of his equals. Because of this, J. would work good in little groups with peculiar scholars doing certain that the groups were chosen carefully. There has been a definite alteration in J ‘s self-efficacy. Gross states that â€Å" this is brought approximately best through existent experience in confronting antecedently feared or avoided state of affairss † ( Gross, 2009, p.832 ) . J. appears to be developing an intrinsic motive to larn and is now meaning to travel on to a foundation degree class. Case 2- Student B. B. has many barriers to larning including behavioral jobs and a deficiency of appropriate societal accomplishments. B. knew many of the scholars in the group that she was fall ining and instantly wanted to make the work that they were making despite the fact that her initial appraisal had shown her to be at a lower degree of ability than her friends were presently at. It was explained to B. that she needed to work at her literacy accomplishments to achieve the degree that they were at ; after all, they had been on the class for some hebdomads already. B. did non understand this and refused to make any work that was below the degree of her equals. When given the work above her current degree, she became riotous in category due to the fact that she was unable to make the work. B. had old bad educational experiences which had, in portion, led to her exclusion from school. She had non been in instruction since the age of 11 and so her basic accomplishments were hapless. B. did non hold any farther acquisition troubles other than her societal and emotional barriers to acquisition and so schemes to actuate her rich person had to be developed. As with J. distinction has to be applied to results every bit good as the work that is devised for B. When work was set for B, it shortly became evident that she responded good to praise when she had completed undertakings good. Often she would hotfoot to hold her work marked before go oning with other undertakings. B. besides responded good to kinaesthetic acquisition manners and she enjoyed games such as lotto and card games. It became obvious that she was profoundly satisfied by the feedback she received and that this provided her motive. Behavioural theory provinces that when a stimulation is applied a right response should be rewarded and wrong responses should be discouraged. Thorndike ‘s â€Å" Law of Effect † , would look to use here where the satisfaction that a reward brings increases the desire to make the same once more in future ( Child, 2007, p.164 ) . Decision Although it may be already hard and clip devouring to develop lessons for these groups any jobs are exacerbated by the fact that the scholars may get and go forth at any clip during the roll-on/roll-off programme. This means that it is indispensable that diagnostic appraisals are completed instantly to determine accomplishment degrees, larning manners and any learning troubles or disablements. O’Brien and Guiney point out that â€Å" Sometimes teaching troubles are manipulated and become identified as larning troubles † ( O’Brien and Guiney, 2001, p.20 ) . This should non be allowed to go on. The development of intrinsic motive within scholars is a mark for all instructors but it can non ever be achieved when pupils are non receptive to larning. Extrinsic motive is frequently a major portion of the rhythm and should be used consequently. It can be seen that there is a definite demand for distinction in a group that has many scholars at differing degrees and abilities. It is highly hard to seek to learn such a group and keep motive if the undertakings are non adapted for single scholars and their educational demands. How to cite Differentiating Work And Keeping Learners Motivated, Essay examples

Qualitative research Management

Question: Compare and Contrast the Research Methodology of Business Journals? Answer: Introduction Qualitative research is recognized as a particular research approach, through which, it is possible to identify the behaviours of the human index in terms of business context. In this context, it can be stated that qualitative research technique is usually used in the academic studies with an aim of analyzing as well as identifying the appropriate outcomes of a research. On the other hand, quantitative research signifies numerical explanations/ statistical measures, which is usually applied to investigate the evidences of the research by incorporating hypotheses relations in case of business research papers. At the same time, through the assistance of this particular research method, it is possible to identify and evaluate the assumptions of the research. Thesis Statement In this particular assignment, the objective is to compare and contrast the methodology of business research papers, for identifying the chosen samples, implemented sampling strategy and hypothesis/ statistical test related aspects. Moreover, the study will emphasise to identify the similarities and differences between the business research papers by identify the rules and implementation procedure. Moreover, the study will also emphasise towards identifying rational on the basis of evidences of the research. In this regard, the selected business research papers are depicted below: "Business Statistics and Management Science Online: Teaching Strategies and Assessment of Student Learning" of Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2011) "Improving Employees Interpersonal Communication Competencies: A Qualitative Study" of Hynes (2012) Innovative Teaching: An Empirical Study of Computer-Aided Instruction in Quantitative Business Courses of Gonul and Solano (2013) Comparing and Contrasting Of Sampling Methods In order to do the research study, the process of sampling plays an important role specially in order to collect the data for conducting the research study. In article "Business Statistics and Management Science Online: Teaching Strategies and Assessment of Student Learning" of Sebastianelli and Tamimi (2011), we did the investigation of various undergraduate mathematic courses depending on various environment of the online assignment. Moreover, in this particular article we use the estimation techniques by doing the proper use of least square method. Moreover, we also use the process of bias estimation in the terms of resulting different techniques of doing the collection of different information about the heterogeneity impacts among the students. Moreover, in article "Improving Employees Interpersonal Communication Competencies: A Qualitative Study" of Hynes (2012), it mainly discussed about the relationship between the ranges of business success as well as employee engagement. Apa rt from this, in this particular article it uses the collection of primary data in order to analysis different information regarding the development of the effective relationship among employee engagement as well as range of business success. Furthermore, this study also focuses on different implications regarding the development of the business communications. In order to get the results of the analysis, the researcher evaluates all learning outcomes based on all results that are derived by doing the primary research study as well as survey. On the other side, in the article 3, the researcher mainly used the quantitative process of analysis in the terms of doing the analysis of business statistics as well as management science. Moreover, the researcher also focuses on various suitability of the online criteria delivery regarding various quantitative business criteria. Moreover, on the other side, the researcher also illustrates all the online questions that are mainly related with the different learning outcomes as well as assessment regarding the development of various teaching strategies. Moreover, in this article the researcher also used multiple types of approaches in the terms of doing the assessment of student learning (Hynes 466-475). Sampling Method The most important aspect of the research strategy is the collection of the sample through quantitative data collection. The sampling technique is to know about the perception of the respondents. There have been different types of answers, which has been derived in order to make the research paper concrete. The respondents have answered to the homework and the time that they consume in their homework. This is done in the research through the effective collection of the quantitative data. This also includes the class attendance and the amount of time, which is spent by the students in case of the completion of their school work. The strategy of the sampling includes the use of the quantitative process, which helps in the statistical analysis (Balnaves and Caputi 1-272). The major method which has been used is qualitative data collection. This helps in the collection of the data through the method of asking the respondents. This has helped in deriving the ideas along with the implementation of the proper project ideas. The ideas, which are used in the business methods, could be used along with the incorporation of the basic ideas of the employees. The engagement of the employees in the training process has been analyzed in the current scenario effectively. The strategy of the study is to know about the perception through interview. The inclusion criteria of the sampling are through the method of online analysis of the quantitative dat. In such case, the major aspect of the study includes the management of the quality, which is through the strategy of data collection. This helps in the empirical study. The researcher makes use of the survey strategy, which helps in dealing with the analysis through interpretation of statistical data. The strategy analysis helps in the channelling of the research method effectively (Sebastianelli Tamimi 317-325). The Funnel Strategy In order to evaluate the validity, reliability and ethnicity of the provided qualitative based article, it can be asserted that this particular study is highly dependent on secondary research approach for gathering relevant and valued data. At the same time, in order to highlight the validity of this particular research study, it can be claimed that the qualitative research study largely rely on determining the reliability of the data collected. Therefore, the reliability of data compiled will be duly ensured. The expected outcomes in relation to the provided qualitative article can be ascertained as finding out the exact relationship prevailing between employee involvement and business success and confirming that this particular approach facilitates in promoting the emotional well-being of the workers at large (Hynes 466-475). Importations of Derived Rules in Research Methodology The main purpose of this research is informed in the action. These must be seek to the finding contextualize within the body larger of that research. The research must be always quality high in order to the knowledge of the produce that is outside applicable of that particular research implementation with setting that beyond to go the group that already participated into the research. In the near future the result of the study may have the policy implementation and the implementation of the project (Sebastianelli Tamimi 317-325). In the above mentioned projects the process of iterative research ultimately the successful key to the project research lies in the iteration: the returning process of the again remaining and research again to the questions, data and the methods that to leads to the brand new ideas improvements and the revisions. This is much easier to think of the research as the one step after one step, in general it is also called step by step process, in the same hand this is most important to be filled and change to open. Designing by the oftentimes the project of the research to be open and field to changed. The discussing by oftentimes by the research discussing of the project with the peers and advisers one that will find the research new questions that definitely need to be added, the needs of the variables to be omitted, and the changes to the other made changes. As the proposed studies is re-examined and examined from the perspective different, this also to begin to the shape. This is basi cally expected to the good component of a research study. In the addition of this is the most important one of the methods of examine the study. All the given three journals impose these similarities in terms of derivative rules as evaluated by the given researcher (Ockleford and Windridge 1-39). Conclusion From the above analysis and discussion, it can be asserted that the application of quantitative research is quite appropriate and the application of the qualitative method seems to be quite adequate. However, in this regard, it can be recommended that the application of a mixed approach will be more suitable for this particular study. This can be justified with reference to the fact that primary along with secondary data will be gathered in case of mixed approach with the intention of determining appropriate research findings. Reference List Balnaves, M., and Peter C., (2001) Introduction to Quantitative Research Methods: An Investigative Approach. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage, 2001. Print. Bernard, H. Russell, and Gery W. R. (2010). Qualitative Data Analysis: Systematic Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Hancock, Beverley, Elizabeth Ockleford, and Kate Windridge. (2009) An Introduction to Qualitative Research. National Institute for Heath and Research, 1-39. Hynes, Geraldine E. (2010) Improving Employees Interpersonal Communication Competencies: A Qualitative Study. Business Communication Quarterly 75(4), 466-475. Print. Sebastianelli, R, and Nabil, T. (2011) Business Statistics and Management Science Online: Teaching Strategies and Assessment of Student Learning. Journal of Education for Business 86, 317325.

Tissues of the Body Assessment Questions and Answers free essay sample

Simple cuboidal epithelium m. Simple columnar epithelium n. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium o. Stratified squamous epithelium p. Stratified cuboidal epithelium q. Stratified columnar epithelium r. Transitional epithelium s. Glandular epithelium i. Lining of intestines ii. Lining of ducts of mammary glands iii. Lining of urinary bladder iv. Salivary glands v. Air sacs of lungs vi. Respiratory passages vii. Ductus deferens viii. Lining of kidney tubules ix. Outer layer of skin 6. Distinguish between exocrine and endocrine glands. (p. 01) * Exocrine-Glands that secrete their products into ducts that open onto surfaces, such as the skin or the lining of the digestive tract. * Endocrine- glands that secrete their products into tissue fluid or blood. 7. A gland that secretes substances out of cells by exocytosis is a(n) ________. (p. 101) t. Merocrine gland u. Apocrine gland v. Holocrine gland 8. Define extracellular matrix. (p. 102) * Composed of protein fibers, and a ground substanc e consisting of nonfibrous protein, other molecules, and fluid. We will write a custom essay sample on Tissues of the Body Assessment Questions and Answers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The consistency varies from fluid to semisolid to solid. 9. Describe three major types of connective tissue cells. (p. 102) * Fixed cells- reside in the tissue for an extended period of time * Wandering cells- move through and appear in tissues temporarily, usually in response to injury or infection * Fibroblasts- large star shaped cells that produce fibers by secreting proteins into the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. 10. Distinguish between collagen and elastin. (p. 104) * Collagen- long, parallel bundles that are flexible but only slightly elastic. They have great strength in resisting a pulling force. They are important for holding structures together, like ligaments. * Elastin- thin fibers that branch, forming complex networks. They are weaker than collagen fibers, but they stretch easily and can go back to normal. They are found in vocal cords and other parts of the body that are frequently stretched. 11. Compare and contrast the different types of loose connective tissue. (p. 105) * Areolar tissue- forms delicate, thin membranes throughout the body. The cells of this tissue are located far apart and separated by a gel-like extracellular matrix containing many collagenous and elastic fibers. This tissue binds the skin to the underlying organs and fills spaces between muscles. * Adipose tissue- this tissue develops when certain cells store fat as droplets in their cytoplasm and enlarge. When these cells become so abundant that they crowd other cell types they form adipose tissue. Its found between muscles, around kidneys, behind the eyeballs, on the surface of the heart, and around certain joints. * Reticular tissue- composed of thin, collagenous fibers in a 3-D network. It helps provide the framework of certain internal organs, such as the liver and spleen. 12. Define dense connective tissue. p. 106) * Consists of many closely packed, thick, collagenous fibers and a fine network of elastic fibers. It has few cells, most of which are fibroblasts. The collagenous fibers are very strong, enabling the tissue to withstand pulling forces. As parts of tendons and ligaments. This tissue binds muscle to bone and bone to bone. 13. Explain why injured dense connective tissue and ca rtilage are usually slow to heal. (p. 106) * The blood supply to dense connective tissue is poor, which slows tissue repair * The lack of a direct blood supply to cartilage is also why cartilage heals slowly 14. Name the types of cartilages and describe their differences and similarities. (p. 106) * Hyaline- very fine collagenous fibers in its extracellular matrix and loks somewhat like white glass. Its found on the ends of bones in many joints, in the soft part of the nose, and in the supporting rings of the respiratory passages. Its important in the growth of most bones * Elastic- a dense network of elastic fibers and is more flexible than hyaline. It provides the framework for the external ears and for parts of the larynx. * Fibrocartilage-a very tough tissue, and has many collagenous fibers. It’s a shock absorber for structures that are subjected to pressure. 15. Describe how bone cells are organized in bone tissue. (p. 108) * Bone matrix is deposited in thin layers called lamellae, which form concentric patterns around tiny longitudinal tubes called central canals. Bone cells are located in lacunae, which are evenly spaced within the lamellae. 16. The fluid extracellular matrix of blood is called________. (p. 109) w. White blood cells x. Red blood cells y. Platelets z. Plasma {. Bone marrow 17. Identify the locations of four types of membranes in the body and indicate the types of tissues making up each membrane. p. 110) * Serous membranes lines body cavities that lack openings to the outside. A layer of simple squamous epithelium and a thin layer of loose connective tissue. * Mucous membranes line cavities and tubes that open to the outside of the body. Epithelium overlying a layer of loose connective tissue. * Cutaneous membrane is the skin. Epithelial tissue * Synovial membrane lines joints. Connective tissues 18. Compare and contrast skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissues. (p. 110) * 19. Distinguish between neurons and neurological cells with respect to their functions. (p. 111) *

Catherine Earnshaw as a dominating presence in Wuthering Heights essays

Catherine Earnshaw as a dominating presence in Wuthering Heights essays In the novel Wuthering Heights there was one character who had a dominating influence on the way the novel went. Her name was Catherine Earnshaw and even after she died she still left a lasting impression on the people around her and after she was gone people still made some decisions based on her. While she was alive she had Heathcliff and Edgar rapped around her finger; she could have made them do anything she wanted and sometimes she did. While Catherine was dying Heathcliff spent the most time with her and she knew that at that point he would do anything for her and she used that against him. There are many examples of Cathys dominance in the novel and they will all be discussed in detail. The major instance of Catherines dominance is one that continues through the entire novel and that is her influence over Heathcliff. Catherine acquires this grasp over Heathcliff by telling him that he is not good enough for her and that he is also not civilized enough for her to marry him. To make Heathcliff even more desperate Catherine decides she will get married to Edgar instead of Heathcliff; she is naive enough to think that by doing so she will be able to lift Heathcliff from the degradation into which he has been thrust by Hindley. When in fact this makes Heathcliff very jealous and he goes away to make him self more refined for Catherine. When Heathcliff returns to find Catherine has married Edgar it sends him over the edge he gets furious and revenge is on his mind. He thinks that if he marries Isabella that it would bring Catherine back into his arms. Of course this does not work it only succeeds in making Edgar furious. Edgar disowns Isabella and tells Catherine she is not allowed to see Heathcliff, this enrages Catherine and she locks herself in her room with no food or water. She hopes that this would change Edgars mind as well as give her th...

Rhetorical criticism using Ernest bormann's Fantasy theme approach and Essay - 1

Rhetorical criticism using Ernest bormann's Fantasy theme approach and Neo-Aristotelian approach on Barack Obama's first Inaugural Address - Essay Example However, many Americans questioned his ability to lead with enough background and skills to address these concerns. This thesis examines the president 2009 inaugural address. The analysis of this speech shows how the president rhetorically managed to alleviate the concern of the USA’s people. And, in what manner he was rhetorically able to convince Americans that he is the right person to led the nation to the right direction through this difficult times. First, present and explains the chosen theories within classical rhetoric and the genre of the address. He then uses the selected theories to analyze the Obama’s inaugural address. The writer then makes assessment and discussion of the thesis statement from this analysis. The thesis has Ernest Bormanns Fantasy theme approach and Neo-Aristotelian approach to determine the type of speech, the usage and appeal form used. By utilizing this approach, it was possible to deduce whether Obama’s inaugural speech was rhetoric. The Obama’s rhetoric inaugural address has its own genre. Themes such as reconciliation, renewal, and national unity are an example of what is crucial in the American political discourse of inaugural addresses. In most of the cases, the writer quotes examples from the past to unify the nation and show the people of the America how goal can be achieved, and issues dwelt with. Inaugural addresses always contain three key themes; ability to rediscover the united state of America, emphasis on what it mean to be an American citizen and to show people that it is time for a new beginning. Inaugural address is supposed to be non-partisan and unifying. They should make people feel that if they come together they can achieve more (Fafner, 1998). Most of the Americans have a major concern about domestic and international issue. With the election of a new president, people want to feel that the needed reforms are steered for the

U.S. in the New World Order's Affairs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

U.S. in the New World Order's Affairs - Essay Example The very famous use of the term new world order was in the speech made by President George H. W. Bush Sr. on September 11, 1990. â€Å"The leitmotif of modern American presidential politics is unquestionably an imperial theme, most blatantly expressed in his slogan, The New World Order and for 1991, the pax universalis† ( Tarplay, and Chaitkin 9). The main theme of his presidency is the formation and unification of a solitary and widespread empire that very much reflects the different stages of the Roman kingdom. In his speech, George Bush senior said, â€Å"The war in Iraq is a rare opportunity to move toward an historic period of cooperation. Out of these troubled times...a New World Order can emerge" (National Archives). To add to that, in his September 21, 1992 speech addressed to the United Nations he also urged the nations to develop and train military units as peacekeepers. He added that to be able to achieve this goal, each nation should work, train together and have coordinated efforts. These efforts refer to having a centralized command, control and operations on all aspects of any operation and communication. Through G.H.W Bush’s speech the Commission on Global Governance was created by the United Nations. Through this organization, a controversial report, Our Global Neighbourhood, was brought out in 1995. The report states reforms that will give the United Nations absolute power. It was also predicted in the report that there would be a world court, a unified tax system and a global police force. In short, world leaders are calling for a one world government. These were greatly criticized by many people but also, many people are unaware of these facts. Amazingly, after a decade from the George H.W. Bush speech, the United States was attacked on September 11, 2001. Adding to the mystery, it was during the presidency of George Bush senior’s son, George W. Bush, that the attacks accord. To many people, this is the continuation of the goal to establish a new world order by world leaders. Aside from the political aspects of the new world order, economy is also put into focus. This includes the control of oil, an international currency which would replace the US dollar. Moreover, there would be a world development fund that would provide equal finances to communist and free nations. This is where the World Bank and the Bank of International Settlements come into play. Some say that the global monetary crisis we are experiencing now is intended to institute a worldwide debt-based currency organized by global investors and distributed to individuals alongside biometric identification cards. Religion is another factor that is included in this new world order. It has an aim of introducing a new world religion. Some would postulate that the establishment of the World Council of Churches and the Parliament World Religions is to gain control of the world’s religion. Consequently, Barack Obama has been popularly linked to a new world order as well. Authors suggest that his administration has been building an international order. This is through empowering certain institutions and connections across the globe. If the Bush administration was assessed through the infamous Gulf War, the Libyan War functioned as an assessment of Obama’s governance. â€Å"The current dangerous situation in Libya has become a serious test for the international community’s resolve and credibility, especially in the context

Audio-Visual Techniques for Communication and Expression

Audio-Visual Techniques for Communication and Expression Use of Audio-Visual Techniques in expression of ideas – an insight into the use of effective techniques Word Count: 2554 Table of Contents (Jump to) 1. Introduction – Audi visual techniques and communication 1.1 Background of Study 2. Marry Me 2.1 Narrative 2.2 Characterisation 2.3 Genre convention and variation 2.4 Specific technical features 3. Photo Booth 3.1 Narrative 3.2 Characterisation 3.3 Genre convention and variation 3.4 Specific technical features 4. Conclusion References 1. Introduction – Audi visual techniques and communication The use of the different audio visual techniques in communication and expression of ideas has been widely regarded as an important and significant evolution of the different techniques used for communication that emerged from the use of print medium and incorporation of multimedia. Communication has always been an important part of human existence and throughout the history of mankind; the same has seen a transformation from mere papyrus sheets to the incorporation of the elements of sight and sound (Branston and Stafford, 2010). The opinion of experts on the transformation on the use of visual communication is diverse, but all of them are believed to be in affirmation with the fact that the use of different audio visual techniques in communication is considered to be the most effective and efficient by senders and receivers alike (Cunningham and Turner, 2010). The reason behind the same being the fact that the incorporation of the different audio visual formats helps in the presentation of the communication in a most concise manner, yet again enabling the sender to create a long lasting impression on the mind of the receivers (Chandler, 2004). 1.1 Background of Study The aim of this academic work is to highlight the importance of the different audio visual techniques and formats and its application to the creation of two astounding creations – short films, that have made it to the finals of Tropfest, considered being the most prestigious recognitions of Australian short film categories. What makes the feature more important and relevant is the fact that annually only 16 short films are considered by the jury as finalists from a pool of more than 700 entries annually. The two important finalists to the same event that have been selected for analysis in the study are director Michelle Lehmann’s Marry Me that had been adjudged the winner of 2008’s Tropfest. The other short film is that of Photo Booth, which had been directed by Michael Noonan (http://tropfest.com, 2014). The following sections of the academic work will be individually considering taking into consideration the narrative, characterisation, genre convention and specific technical features that have helped these short films receive the accolades (Cunningham and Turner, 2010) that have led to the popularity of the films in the Australian and International film circuit as well. 2. Marry Me Michelle Lehmann’s short film Marry Me that is of 7 minutes duration. The plot revolves around a little boy and girl with their individual attention and objects of interest. The following sections provide an insight into the narrative, characterisation, genre convention and highlight the technical features that have set the film apart from the rest of the entrants to the contest (O’Donnell, 1999). 2.1 Narrative The film is seen to revolve around the interest among two young individuals and the communication or the idea that has been expressed in the film has been carefully crafted, reflecting the different individual pursuits of two young people, which have been seen to have a strange co-incidence to real life drawing significant parallel to people’s needs and wants. The film depicts the girl is particularly interested in the boy who is overwhelmed by materialistic pursuits signified by the love for his little BMX bike. The message and expression of the idea of the film is clear through the emotions that have been captured through the girl’s expressions and gleam in eyes every time he sees the boy. The girl is depicted to have fallen in love with the bike riding boy and the same has been clearly expressed through the attempts by the girl to draw the boy’s attention through a number of different ways (http://tropfest.com, 2014). Many are of opinion that the film is about the complexities of emotions of the young, but it also subtly underpins the interest and love of two different people – love for the boy for the girl, and the boy’s (Jason) interest in nothing but the bike that he has. 2.2 Characterisation Michelle Lehmann had drawn crucial similarities to the character of the girl as she had stated that even as a 5 or 6 year old girl, she had experienced the same emotional tension as being attracted to a boy who had been her neighbour and like Jason, had been found to have a particular knack to materialistic pursuits that are considered to be natural (O’Donnell, 1999). The girl who is seen to endlessly pursuit her love interest in the film has been named Chloe and the boy Jason. In order to express her idea clearly to the audience, Michelle has carefully selected the two most astounding young actors in the roles of Chloe and Jason who have been able to win the hearts of the viewers through their childish charms and natural acting. For Jason, the need was to portray a character that was very much in skin of the role portrayed by him – a young BMX enthusiast and the ease with which Jason has been seen to express his disinterest for Chloe busy fixing the wheels of his little bike makes on feel as if it is almost real and not a short film. On the other hand, the role that had been portrayed by the young girl Chloe has been nothing less than au naturel. The determined look and the expression on her face towards the end of the short film as she approaches the high plank constructed by Jason leaves one spell bound and many would wonder whether the expression can be attributed to the next to impossible task in real life (http://tropfest.com, 2014). 2.3 Genre convention and variation The genre of the film is based on the complexities of human emotion and it needs to be highlighted that the message that has been attempted to be conveyed through the short film is largely based on the different emotional pulls and pushes one might experience at a young age. Much of the film is aimed at the general audience who would leave the screen enthralled and spellbound by the enigma of analysing the meaning and idea behind the short film. The convention of the genre is based on the fact that the theme of the film holds true for human beings in reality as well. Most individuals are often engaged in the tireless pursuit of something or the other in life that is perceived to have been difficult to attain for them. The same has been carefully highlighted in the feature film through Jason’s character as he is seen to remove the ancillary supporting wheels from his bike at first, failing to successfully ride his bike without the use of the same. In the background, the girl is shown being able to learn what Jason fails. A little later, Jason attempts a small jump off the plank created by him, which also leads to a fall. Chloe tries her best to impress Jason and draw Jason’s attention; successfully achieving the feats which Jason attempts to achieve a number of times (http://tropfest.com, 2014). The variation that needs to be highlighted in the same is that human beings sometimes become so engrossed in being able to achieve a particular job or accomplishment, that they end up undermining the abilities and success of other human beings that are near to him, failing to even to pay attention to any important or critical messages that the other might convey. The same has been specifically observed while Chloe tries to give her opinion to Jason about the bike and riding. 2.4 Specific technical features Though the film does not showcase any impressive graphic or video filming in conveying the message across, one cannot help but wonder about the smallest details that have been used in the film for spreading the intended message (Cunningham and Turner, 2010). For example, when Jason removes the red coloured attachments to the spokes of his bike wheel and expresses his disinterest in them, the emotional attachment of Chloe is also expressed through the same behaviour. In the same scene, if it is considered that Jason had been rotating the wheel simultaneously whereas Chloe is seen to focus more on Jason instead of her bike, the emotional quotient is carefully reflected. More camera focus has been devoted to capture emotions on Chloe’s face as it must have been found that the girl would be more expressive in terms of emoting by the director. These are small and important specifications that need to be captured and presented by any short film director to successfully convey the intended message and at the same time be able to keep the audience entertained. 3. Photo Booth Michael Noonan’s short film the Photo Booth is an interesting and contemporary take on the aspect of hope and despair that has been portrayed in the short film of around seven minutes’ duration. The film captures the important themes of human life and the message it tries to portray is an important aspect for critiques and short film enthusiasts around the world (O’Donnell, 1999). The short film revolves around three solders on a war torn landscape who suddenly find an abandoned photo booth in the middle of nowhere, whereby the pictures coming out as print carry messages for each of them. 3.1 Narrative The narrative of the short film revolves around three soldiers and their fate outside an abandoned photo booth in the middle of a war torn landscape that keeps the audience glued to the screen to wonder about the outcome and message of the film unlike that in the case of ‘Marry Me’. The narrative is unpredictable and has successfully incorporated one of the most critical elements of movie making – uncertainty and suspense. These are considered to have an everlasting impact on the viewer and many regard the same to have a lasting impact on the mind of the viewers as the key element of surprise and awe is always a key ingredient to the success of a film or small movie (http://tropfest.com, 2014). The narrative brings to light the plight of three soldiers who are trying their best to survive and do not know for themselves the future of their predicament in war. Suddenly, they are met with an unpredictable situation, that of a lonesome photo booth in top of a small hill. Curiosity is one of the most dignified and yet sometimes cursed traits of human behaviour and the same has been highlighted in the film as the soldiers wonder what awaits them at the photo booth and goes on to investigate, under estimating the threats of being exposed to enemy observation and gun point. 3.2 Characterisation The characterisation of the short film is an important attribute as it becomes the responsibility of the actors in the film to bring to life the relevance of each of the characters that are planned and incorporated in the film. The film revolves around the three soldiers and each of them is found to display three different emotions among human beings – adventure, curiosity and suspicion (http://tropfest.com, 2014). The first soldier who enters inside the photo booth is unsuspecting and is taken by surprise once the flashes of the camera start to go off. The second soldier is portrayed to have a trait of curiosity and wariness as he is seen to be cautious when he enters inside the photo booth after seeing what the first soldier had been presented with. The third soldier had to be portrayed to be suspicious of turn of events and this is the same reason why there have been extra alertness displayed by the first and the second soldier while guarding the booth as the third entered inside. The three of them have been shown to have different outcomes based on the character portrayed by them. The first one, unsuspecting and taking life as it is, is presented a picture which shows him part of a beautiful family comprising of a beautiful wife and twin daughters. The second soldiers displays mixed traits and is shown to receive a picture with only his companion who gradually disappears from the frames while the third is shot dead by enemy gunfire as he was the most suspicious one and enters the booth at the last. Through the characters, the director tries to portray the message that it is perception and thought process of individuals which leads to the outcomes. 3.3 Genre convention and variation There have been two specific genres displayed in the short film – that of human nature and the relation between the thoughts and outcomes faced by human beings in reality. It needs to be highlighted here the fact that initially the genre of the short film was thought to be related to war and the outcome of the film being rendered predictable. However, the message and surprise element of the film clearly unfolds when the pictures are presented to the soldiers (http://tropfest.com, 2014). In the end, what makes the film so interesting is that the film portrays a multitude of different factors that are related to human life and fate, and it is highlighted how the thought process of human beings influence the outcomes and fate that is met by individuals in the real world. Genre convention and variation is an important aspect of any communication to large section of viewers as the same enables the makers of the short films to captivate the interests of the audience and keep them glued to the outcome of the message to be portrayed in the film. 3.4 Specific technical features The film is considered to be richer in terms of the technical features that have been included in the film. The aim of the director was to include the elements of surprise more on the lines of shock and the same has been effectively incorporated in the sound designing of the film which makes the film more relatable to reality and one can identify the suspense and uncertainty that is faced by soldiers in the war field. Fear and anxiety has been portrayed well in the movie as the soldiers are successful in expressing the same feelings on their anguished faces (http://tropfest.com, 2014). Moreover, the loud snapping of the shutter of the camera has been effectively used to shock the audience which is considered to be an important component of film making. Especially in the last scene when the third soldier gets shot and there is an element of confusion clearly depicting the mental state and trauma of the soldier when he gets to see his picture in the photo is considered to be outstanding in highlighting the theme of despair as the soldier is shown to lose composure and his guard at the most critical time – in the face of enemy gunfire, when in the previous scenes, he is portrayed to be most suspicious of the circumstances. 4. Conclusion There are different factors and aspects that are considered to have an impact on the success of film making and the effectiveness of the director to incorporate these elements determine the ability of the production to captivate audiences and determine the outcomes of film making. This academic work was aimed at highlighting these specific factors in film making and the effective incorporation of the same in the two short films that have been highlighted in the study. References Branston, G. and Stafford, R. (2010). The media student’s book. London: Routledge. NB Chandler, G. (2004) Cut by Cut: Editing Your Film or Video. Studio City, CA: Michael Wiese Cunningham, S. and Turner, G. (2010). The media and communications in Australia. Sydney: Allen Unwin. Marry Me, Michelle Lehman (director), Australia, 2008  http://tropfest.com/au/2011/12/08/marry-me/ Morley, D. (1996) Television, Audiences and Cultural Studies. London : Routledge. ODonnell, P. (1999). The other 66 per cent? Rethinking the labour market for journalism graduates. Australian Journalism Review, 21(1), 123-142. Photo Booth,  Michael Noonan (director), Australia, 2012http://tropfest.com/au/2012/02/04/photo-booth/ Ruthven, K. (1998). The Future of Disciplines: A Report on Ignorance. In Knowing Ourselves and Others: The Humanities in Australia into the 21st Century. Australian Research Council Vol. 3, pp. 95-113.

Women, Sport and Film :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Women, Sport and Film Out of all the material we covered in this course, the ones that bear most directly on this question I think are the documentary about women in sports, and the movie "Girlfight". However, I felt that both of these films focussed on the issue from women's point of view. This is not to say that it isn't important or necessary to do so, but I started thinking about how men are also greatly affected by gender stereotyping. Being in a women's college, I feel like we focus a lot on the ways in which women are forced into certain roles, but we neglect to also look at how men are forced into certain roles. Last semester I watched the movie "Billy Elliot", about a young boy growing up in Newcastle, England, during the time of the miner's strike. I think the movie illustrates very well the costs and benefits of breaking gender stereotypes. Billy grows up in a mining family and his family consists of himself, his father, and his elder brother. He is surrounded only by male role models, and that too men who engage in manual labour. His father and his brother are both very "masculine" in the traditional sense of the word. The basic plot of the movie is that Billy wants to be a ballet dancer. His father wants him to learn boxing, but he sees a group of girls having ballet lessons at the same time and he starts taking ballet lessons on the sly. He turns out to be very talented, and his teacher wants him to apply to go to ballet school on a scholarship. The rest of the movie follows his progress and his struggle to be accepted by his family once he's been discovered. At first his father prohib its him from doing ballet, and calls him a "pouf", but Billy persists and is finally accepted by his family and community. I found it interesting that even though Billy is pre-pubescent, the mere fact that he wants to learn ballet induces people to question his sexuality even at such an early age. At an age when children aren't supposed to be sexual beings yet, Billy is under constant pressure to decide what his sexual orientation is, both by his family in that he has to defend himself, and by a friend of his in school who fits a certain stereotype of homosexuality and is romantically interested in him.

The Vampire Diaries: The Fury Chapter Fifteen

Elena watched Damon with mute dread. She knew that disturbing smile too well. But even as her heart sank, her mind threw a mocking question at her. What difference did it make? She and Stefan were going to die anyway. It only made sense for Damon to save himself. And it was wrong to expect him to go against his nature. She watched that beautiful, capricious smile with a feeling of sorrow for what Damon might have been. Katherine smiled back at him, enchanted. â€Å"We'll be so happy together. Once they're dead, I'll let you go. I didn't mean to hurt you, not really. I just got angry.† She put out a slender hand and stroked his cheek. â€Å"I'm sorry.† â€Å"Katherine,† he said. He was still smiling. â€Å"Yes.† She leaned closer. â€Å"Katherine†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Yes, Damon?† â€Å"Go to hell.† Elena flinched from what happened next before it happened, feeling the violent upsurge of Power, of malevolent, unbridled Power. She screamed at the change in Katherine. That lovely face was twisting, mutating into something that was neither human nor animal. A red light blazed in Katherine's eyes as she fell on Damon, her fangs sinking into his throat. Talons sprang from her fingertips, and she raked Damon's already-bleeding chest with it, tearing into his skin while the blood flowed. Elena kept screaming, realizing dimly that the pain in her arms was from fighting the ropes that held her. She heard Stefan shouting, too, but above everything she heard the deafening shriek of Katherine's mental voice. Now you'll be sorry! Now I'm going to make you sorry! I'll kill you! I'll kill you! I'll kill you! I'll kill you! The words themselves hurt, like daggers stabbing into Elena's mind. The sheer Power of it stupefied her, rocking her back against the iron pickets. But there was no way to get away from it. It seemed to echo from all around her, hammering in her skull. Kill you! Kill you! Kill you! Elena fainted. Meredith, crouched beside Aunt Judith in the utility room, shifted her weight, straining to interpret the sounds outside the door. The dogs had gotten into the cellar; she wasn't sure how, but from the bloody muzzles of some of them, she thought they had broken through the ground-level windows. Now they were outside the utility room, but Meredith couldn't tell what they were doing. It was too quiet out there. â€Å"Hush,† Robert whispered quickly. â€Å"It's all right, sweetheart. Everything's going to be all right.† Meredith met his frightened, determined eyes over Margaret's tow head. We almost had you pegged for the Other Power, she thought. But there was no time to regret it now. â€Å"Where's Elena? Elena said she'd watch over me,† Margaret said, her eyes large and solemn. â€Å"She said she'd take care of me.† Aunt Judith put a hand to her mouth. â€Å"She is taking care of you,† Meredith whispered. â€Å"She just sent me to do it, that's all. It's the truth,† she added fiercely, and saw Robert's look of reproach melt into perplexity. Outside, the silence had given way to scratching and gnawing sounds. The dogs were at work on the door. Robert cradled Margaret's head closer to his chest. Bonnie didn't know how long they had been working. Hours, certainly. Forever, it seemed like. The dogs had gotten in through the kitchen and the old wooden side doors. So far, though, only about a dozen had gotten past the fires lit like barricades in front of these openings. And the men with guns had taken care of most of those. But Mr. Smallwood and his friends were now holding empty rifles. And they were running out of things to burn. Vickie had gotten hysterical a little while ago, screaming and holding her head as if something was hurting her. They'd been looking for ways to restrain her when she finally passed out. Bonnie went up to Matt, who was looking out over the fire through the demolished side door. He wasn't looking for dogs, she knew, but for something else much farther away. Something you couldn't see from here. â€Å"You had to go, Matt,† she said. â€Å"There was nothing else you could do.† He didn't answer or turn around. â€Å"It's almost dawn,† she said. â€Å"Maybe when that comes, the dogs will leave.† But even as she said it, she knew it wasn't true. Matt didn't answer. She touched his shoulder. â€Å"Stefan's with her. Stefan's there.† At last, Matt gave some response. He nodded. â€Å"Stefan's there,† he said. Brown and snarling, another shape charged out of the dark. It was much later when Elena came gradually to consciousness. She knew because she could see, not just by the handful of candles Katherine had lit but also by the cold gray dimness that filtered down from the crypt's opening. Damon? she thought. It was only after she had done it that she realized the word had not been spoken. Somehow, Katherine's shrieking had closed a circuit in her mind, or maybe it had awakened something sleeping. And Matt's blood had undoubtedly helped, giving her the strength to finally find her mental voice. She turned her head the other way. Stefan? His face was haggard with pain, but aware. Too aware. Elena almost wished that he were as insensible as Damon to what was happening to them. Elena, he returned. Where is she? Elena said, her eyes moving slowly around the room. Stefan looked toward the opening of the crypt. She went up there a while ago. Maybe to check on how the dogs are doing. Elena had thought she'd reached the limit of fear and dread, but it wasn't true. She hadn't remembered the others then. Elena, I'm sorry. Stefan's face was filled with what no words could express. It's not your fault, Stefan. You didn't do this to her. She did it to herself. Or-it just happened to her, because of what she is. What we are. Running beneath Elena's thoughts was the memory of how she had attacked Stefan in the woods, and how she had felt when she was racing toward Mr. Smallwood, planning her revenge. It could have been me, she said. No! You could never become like that. Elena didn't answer. If she had the Power now, what would she do to Katherine? What wouldn't she do to her? But she knew it would only upset Stefan more to talk about it. I thought Damon was going to betray us, she said. I did, too, said Stefan queerly. He was looking at his brother with an odd expression. Do you still hate him? Stefan's gaze darkened. No, he said quietly. No, I don't hate him anymore. Elena nodded. It was important, somehow. Then she started, her nerves hyper-alert, as something shadowed the entrance to the crypt. Stefan tensed, too. She's coming. Elena- I love you, Stefan, Elena said hopelessly, as the misty white shape hurtled down. Katherine took form in front of them. Of course, thought Elena. How could I have been so stupid? Damon rode with us in Alaric's car over the river. He crossed running water then, and probably lots of other times. He couldn't have been the Other Power. It was strange how she could think even though she was so frightened. It was as if one part of her mind stood watching from a distance. â€Å"I'm going to kill you now,† Katherine said conversationally. â€Å"Then I'm going under the river to kill your friends. I don't think the dogs have done it yet. But I'll take care of it myself.† â€Å"Let Elena go,† said Stefan. His voice was quenched but compelling all the same. â€Å"I haven't decided how to do it,† said Katherine, ignoring him. â€Å"I might roast you. There's almost enough light for that now. And I've got these.† She reached down the front of her gown and brought her closed hand out. â€Å"One-two-three!† she said, dropping two silver rings and a gold one onto the ground. Their stones shone blue as Katherine's eyes, blue as the stone in the necklace at Katherine's throat. Elena's hands twisted frantically and she felt the smooth bareness of her ring finger. It was true. She wouldn't have believed how naked she felt without that circlet of metal. It was necessary to her life, to her survival. Without it- â€Å"Without these you'll die,† Katherine said, scuffing the rings carelessly with the toe of one foot. â€Å"But I don't know if that's slow enough.† She paced back almost to the far wall of the crypt, her silver dress shimmering in the dim light. It was then that the idea came to Elena. She could move her hands. Enough to feel one with the other, enough to know that they weren't numb anymore. The ropes were looser. But Katherine was strong. Unbelievably strong. And faster than Elena, too. Even if Elena got free she would have time for only one quick act. She rotated one wrist, feeling the ropes give. â€Å"There are other ways,† Katherine said. â€Å"I could cut you and watch you bleed. I like watching.† Gritting her teeth, Elena exerted pressure against the rope. Her hand was bent at an excruciating angle, but she continued to press. She felt the burn of the rope slipping aside. â€Å"Or rats,† Katherine was saying pensively. â€Å"Rats could be fun. I could tell them when to start and when to stop.† Working the other hand free was much easier. Elena tried to give no sign of what was going on behind her back. She would have liked to call to Stefan with her mind, but she didn't dare. Not if there was any chance Katherine might hear. but she didn't dare. Not if there was any chance Katherine might hear. There was a rectangle of gray light on the floor. Dawn light. It was coming in through the crypt's opening. Katherine had already been out in that light. But†¦ Katherine smiled suddenly, her blue eyes sparkling. â€Å"I know! I'll drink you almost up and make you watch while I kill her! I'll leave you just enough strength so you see her die before you do. Doesn't that sound like a good plan?† Blithely, she clapped her hands and pirouetted again, dancing away. Just one more step, thought Elena. She saw Katherine approach the rectangle of light. Just one more step†¦ Katherine took the step. â€Å"That's it, then!† She started to turn around. â€Å"What a good-† Now! Yanking her cramped arms out of the last loops of rope, Elena rushed her. It was like the rush of a hunting cat. One desperate sprint to reach the prey. One chance. One hope. She struck Katherine with her full weight. The impact knocked them both into the rectangle of light. She felt Katherine's head crack against the stone floor. And felt the searing pain, as if her own body had been plunged into poison. It was a feeling like the burning dryness of hunger, only stronger. A thousand times stronger. It was unbearable. â€Å"Elena!† Stefan screamed, with mind and voice. Stefan, she thought. Beneath her Power surged as Katherine's stunned eyes focused. Her mouth twisted with rage, fangs bursting forth. They were so long they cut into the lower lip. That distorted mouth opened in a howl. Elena's clumsy hand fumbled at Katherine's throat. Her fingers closed on the cool metal of Katherine's blue necklace. With all her strength, she wrenched and felt the chain give way. She tried to clasp it, but her fingers felt thick and uncoordinated and Katherine's clawing hand scrabbled at it wildly. It spun away into the shadows. â€Å"Elena!† Stefan called again in that dreadful voice. She felt as if her body were filled with light. As if she were transparent. Only, light was pain. Beneath her, Katherine's warped face was looking up directly into the winter sky. Instead of a howl, there was a shrieking that went up and up. Elena tried to lift herself off, but she didn't have the strength. Katherine's face was rifting, cracking open. Lines of fire opened in it. The screaming reached a crescendo. Katherine's hair was aflame, her skin was blackening. Elena felt fire from both above and below. She saw Stefan's arms, red where they had been exposed to the sun and bleeding where he had torn free of his ropes. She saw his face, saw the stricken horror and grief. Then her eyes blurred and she saw nothing. Meredith and Robert, striking at the blood-soaked muzzles that thrust through the hole in the door, paused in confusion. The teeth had stopped snapping and tearing. One muzzle jerked and slid out of the way. Edging sideways to look at the other, Meredith saw that the dog's eyes were glazed and milky. They didn't move. She looked at Robert, who stood panting. There was no more noise from the cellar. Everything was silent. But they didn't dare to hope. Vickie's demented shrieking stopped as if it had been cut with a knife. The dog, which had sunk its teeth into Matt's thigh, stiffened and gave a convulsive shudder; then, its jaws released him. Gasping for breath, Bonnie swung to look beyond the dying fire. There was just enough light to see bodies of other dogs lying where they had fallen outside. She and Matt leaned on each other, looking around, bewildered. It had finally stopped snowing. Slowly, Elena opened her eyes. Everything was very clear and calm. She was glad the shrieking was over. That had been bad; it had hurt. Now, nothing hurt. She felt as if her body were filled with light again, but this time there was no pain. It was as if she were floating, very high and easy, on wafts of air. She almost felt she didn't have a body at all. She smiled. Turning her head didn't hurt, although it increased the loose, floating feeling. She saw, in the oblong of pale light on the floor, the smoldering remains of a silvery dress. Katherine's lie of five hundred years ago had become the truth. That was that, then. Elena looked away. She didn't wish anyone harm now, and she didn't want to waste time on Katherine. There were so many more important things. â€Å"Stefan,† she said and sighed, and smiled. Oh, this was nice. This must be how a bird felt. â€Å"I didn't mean for things to turn out this way,† she said, softly rueful. His green eyes were wet. They filled again, but he returned her smile. â€Å"I know,† he said. â€Å"I know, Elena.† It seemed to her that it had been a long while since she'd really looked at him. Since she'd taken time to appreciate how beautiful he was, with his dark hair and his eyes as green as oak leaves. But she saw it now, and she saw his soul shining through those eyes. It was worth it, she thought. I didn't want to die; I don't want to now. But I'd do it all over again if I had to. â€Å"I love you,† she whispered. â€Å"I love you,† he said, squeezing their joined hands. The strange, languorous lightness cradled her gently. She could scarcely feel Stefan holding her. She would have thought she'd be terrified. But she wasn't, not as long as Stefan was there. â€Å"The people at the dance-they'll be all right now, won't they?† she said. â€Å"They'll be all right now,† Stefan whispered. â€Å"You saved them.† â€Å"I didn't get to say good-bye to Bonnie and Meredith. Or Aunt Judith. You have to tell them I love them.† â€Å"I'll tell them,† Stefan said. â€Å"You can tell them yourself,† panted another voice, hoarse and unused sounding. Damon had pulled himself across the floor behind Stefan. His face was ravaged, streaked with blood, but his dark eyes burned at her. â€Å"Use your will, Elena. Hold on. You have the strength-â€Å" She smiled at him, waveringly. She knew the truth. What was happening was only finishing what had been started two weeks ago. She'd had thirteen days to get things straight, to make amends with Matt and say good-bye to Margaret. To tell Stefan she loved him. But now the grace period was up. Still, there was no point in hurting Damon. She loved Damon, too. â€Å"I'll try,† she promised. â€Å"We'll take you home,† he said. â€Å"But not yet,† she told him gently. â€Å"Let's wait just a little while.† Something happened in the fathomless black eyes, and the burning spark went out. Then she saw that Damon knew, too. â€Å"I'm not afraid,† she said. â€Å"Well-only a little.† A drowsiness had started, and she felt very comfortable, but as if she were falling asleep. Things were drifting away from her. An ache rose in her chest. She was not much afraid, but she was sorry. There were so many things she would miss, so many things she wished she had done. â€Å"Oh,† she said softly. â€Å"How funny.† underground room. Only this was a doorway into a different light. â€Å"How beautiful,† she murmured. â€Å"Stefan? I'm so tired.† â€Å"You can rest now,† he whispered. â€Å"You won't let go of me?† â€Å"No.† â€Å"Then I won't be afraid.† Something was shining on Damon's face. She reached toward it, touched it, and lifted her fingers away in wonder. â€Å"Don't be sad,† she told him, feeling the cool wetness on her fingertips. But a pang of worry disturbed her. Who was there to understand Damon now? Who would be there to push him, to try to see what was really inside him? â€Å"You have to take care of each other,† she said, realizing it. A little strength came back to her, like a candle flaring in the wind. â€Å"Stefan, will you promise? Promise to take care of each other?† â€Å"I promise,† he said. â€Å"Oh, Elena†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Waves of sleepiness were overcoming her. â€Å"That's good,† she said. â€Å"That's good, Stefan.† The doorway was closer, so close she could touch it now. She wondered if her parents were somewhere behind it. â€Å"Time to go home,† she whispered. And then the darkness and the shadows faded and there was nothing but light. Stefan held her while her eyes closed. And then he just held her, the tears he'd been keeping back falling without restraint. It was a different pain than when he'd pulled her out of the river. There was no anger in this, and no hatred, but a love that seemed to go on and on forever. It hurt even more. He looked at the rectangle of sunlight, just a step or two away from him. Elena had gone into the light. She'd left him here alone. Not for long, he thought. His ring was on the floor. He didn't even glance at it as he rose, his eyes on the shaft of sunlight shining down. A hand grabbed his arm and pulled him back. Stefan looked into his brother's face. Damon's eyes were dark as midnight, and he was holding Stefan's ring. As Stefan watched, unable to move, he forced the ring onto Stefan's finger and released him. yours, too. Take it. Take it and go.† He turned his face away. Stefan gazed at the golden circlet in his palm for a long time. Then his fingers closed over it and he looked back at Damon. His brother's eyes were shut, his breathing labored. He looked exhausted and in pain. And Stefan had made a promise to Elena. â€Å"Come on,† he said quietly, putting the ring in his pocket. â€Å"Let's get you some place where you can rest.† He put an arm around his brother to help him up. And then, for a moment, he just held on.

White Collar Crime Ponzi Scheme with a Focus on Bernard...

White Collar Crime: Ponzi Scheme with a Focus on Bernard Madoff NAME College White Collar Crime: Ponzi Scheme with a Focus on Bernard Madoff Most people, when they hear the word â€Å"crime,† think about street crime or violent crime such as murder, rape, theft, or drugs. However, there is another type of crime that has cost people their life savings, investors’ billions of dollars, and has had significant impacts of multiple lives; it is called white collar crime. The Federal Bureau of Investigation defines white collar crime as illegal acts which are characterized by deceit, concealment, or violation of trust and which are not dependent upon the application or threat of physical force or violence. Individuals and organizations†¦show more content†¦One victim, Michael Bienes, after being asked if he ever suspected that Madoff was up to no good, he responded, â€Å"Up to no good? He was a god. He was my life† (Lewis, 2011). Another victim describes him as â€Å"an approachable man† that â€Å"everyone looked up to†¦and respected† (Lewis, 2011). Carmen Dell’Orefice, former companion of Madoff’s â€Å"best friend,† Norman Levy, stated that â€Å"I think of him as always smiling,† â€Å"quiet and caring,† â€Å"shy, but so sure of himself† (Lewis, 2011). â€Å"He was able to fool a great many people for a very long time† (Lewis, 2011). Many times in a Ponzi scheme the offender targets people they do not know personally but not Madoff. He had family, friends, employees and even charities and non-profit organizations as investors. â€Å"He tapped local money pulled in from country clubs and charity dinners, where investors sought him out to casually plead with him to manage their savings so they could start reaping the steady, solid returns their envied friends were getting† (Colesanti, 2012). â€Å"Levy invested $100,000† for Dell’Orefice, who felt honored to be a part of the â€Å"exclusive fund† (Lewis, 2010). Sheryl Weinstein, who wa s a friend of Madoffs for nearly 24 years, lost her entire savings to Madoff’s Ponzi scheme. â€Å"The charitable foundation of philanthropist Carl Shapiro had invested about 45 percent of its assets ($345 million) in Madoffs fund† (Auerbach, 2009). It is â€Å"estimated that Madoffs scam cost Jewish philanthropies at least $600 million, andShow MoreRelatedWhite Collar And Organized Crime Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesWhite Collar And Organized Crime In the twentieth century, White Collar and Organized Crimes have attracted the attention of the U.S. Criminal Justice System due to the greater cost to society than most normal street crime. Even with the new attention by the Criminal Justice System, both are still pretty unknown to the general public. Although we know it occurs, due to the lack of coverage and information, society does not realize the extent of these crimes or the impact. 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For example, Joe receives an email from Prince Tiberius in Nigeria about being the recipient of $1,000,000. However, Joe needs to wire Prince Tiberius $25,000 first. Since Joe is studying fraud, he recognizes the red flags of a wire scheme and proceeds to delete the email. Without prior knowledge, Joe could have been defrauded $25,000 (Why it is important to learn about Fraud 2015). Fraud knowledge benefits stakeholders in multiple ways. By understanding how financial statement